Thailand is 10th in the world in automotive production

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China Dominates As The World's Top Car Producer

by Tyler Durden

Saturday, Dec 28, 2024 - 09:30 AM

Last year, global vehicle production reached 93.5 million units, representing a 2% increase compared to pre-pandemic levels in 2019 and a significant 17% rise from 2022.

This graphic, via Visual Capitalist's Kayla Zhu, visualizes the share of motor vehicles produced by the top 30 countries in 2023.

The figures come from the International Organization of Motor Vehicle Manufacturers, and includes both passenger and commercial vehicles.

Which Country Produced the Most Cars in 2023?

Below, we show the total number of motor vehicles produced by each of the top 30 countries, as well as their share of global production.

Rank	Country/Region	Region	Total Car Production	Share of Total Production
1	🇨🇳 China	Asia	30,160,966	32.2%
2	🇺🇸 USA	Americas	10,611,555	11.3%
3	🇯🇵 Japan	Asia	8,997,440	9.6%
4	🇮🇳 India	Asia	5,851,507	6.3%
5	🇰🇷 South Korea	Asia	4,243,597	4.5%
6	🇩🇪 Germany	Europe	4,109,371	4.4%
7	🇲🇽 Mexico	Americas	4,002,047	4.3%
8	🇪🇸 Spain	Europe	2,451,221	2.6%
9	🇧🇷 Brazil	Americas	2,324,838	2.5%
10	🇹🇭 Thailand	Asia	1,841,663	2.0%
11	🇨🇦 Canada	Americas	1,553,026	1.7%
12	🇫🇷 France	Europe	1,505,076	1.6%
13	🇹🇷 Turkey	Asia	1,468,393	1.6%
14	🇨🇿 Czech Republic	Europe	1,404,501	1.5%
15	🇮🇩 Indonesia	Asia	1,395,717	1.5%
16	🇸🇰 Slovakia	Europe	1,080,000	1.2%
17	🇬🇧 United Kingdom	Europe	1,025,474	1.1%
18	🇮🇹 Italy	Europe	880,085	0.9%
19	🇲🇾 Malaysia	Asia	774,600	0.8%
20	🇷🇺 Russia	Europe	729,864	0.8%
21	🇿🇦 South Africa	Africa	633,337	0.7%
22	🇵🇱 Poland	Europe	612,882	0.7%
23	🇦🇷 Argentina	Americas	610,725	0.7%
24	🇲🇦 Morocco	Africa	535,825	0.6%
25	🇷🇴 Romania	Europe	513,050	0.5%
26	🇭🇺 Hungary	Europe	507,225	0.5%
27	🇺🇿 Uzbekistan	Asia	425,876	0.5%
28	🇧🇪 Belgium	Europe	332,103	0.4%
29	🇵🇹 Portugal	Europe	318,231	0.3%
30	🌍 Others	-	2,646,404	2.8%

China dominated global car production in 2023, accounting for almost a third of all cars produced last year. The country currently produces and exports more cars than any other country in the world, as of December 2024.

The country currently has the capacity to produce more than twice its domestic demand for cars, freeing up a significant portion of its car production to be allocated for export.

The Chinese government has massively invested in ramping up domestic automotive production, and specifically its burgeoning electric vehicle sector.

The government’s strategic initiatives, such as “Made in China 2025,” have prioritized electric vehicle manufacturing, leading to substantial growth in this area.

The Best of the Rest

Following behind China is the United States, with 11.3% of the global share. Elon Musk’s Tesla is currently the most valuable automaker in the world, with a market cap of over $1.4 trillion, as of Dec. 24, 2024.

Tesla shares hit a record high following Trump’s victory in the 2024 presidential election. The American electric vehicle company dominates the industry, representing nearly half of the market capitalization among global automakers, with a valuation exceeding the combined worth of the next 29 car manufacturers.

Japan ranks third at 9.6% of global car production, bolstered by legacy carmakers like Toyota and Honda.

To learn more about global car production, check out this graphic that breaks down the global battery electric vehicle (BEV) industry by automaker.

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[PDF] GUIDELINES FOR THE DEVELOPMENT AND PROMOTION OF GLOBAL CITIZENSHIP BEHAVIOR AMONG UNDERGRADUATE STUDENTS IN THAILAND

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Finland downgrades MDPI and Frontiers – will others follow suit?

 

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Decision to downgrade 271 journals on quality and operating model concerns sparks debate

December 20, 2024

Jack Grove

Twitter: @jgro_the

Finland is downgrading almost 300 Frontiers and MDPI journals to its lowest rating – a de facto blacklisting move that might soon be replicated in other countries, according to an expert.

Announcing its downgrading of 271 open access journals from January, Finland’s Publication Forum said the decision was the result of a policy set in September that sought to downgrade so-called “grey journals” – which, it says, “make use of the APC (article processing charge) operating model” and “aim to increase the number of publications with the minimum time spend for editorial work and quality assessment”.

At its meeting, the Publishing Forum, known as Jufo in Finnish, which uses discipline-specific expert panels to rate the quality of journals, noted how “one of the most important changes in scientific publishing in Finland is the sharp increase in the number of articles published, especially in MDPI and Frontiers open access journals operating with APC fees”.

“The scientific community’s key concern is whether the costs of open access publishing increase unreasonably, and whether the increase happens at the expense of a thorough quality assessment,” it added.

Among the 271 journals to be downgraded is Frontiers in Cell Development and Biology, which gained attention earlier this year when it published a paper featuring garbled artificial intelligence-created text and a striking picture of rat with a penis twice the size of its body – which was also generated using AI.

The paper, with the rat image widely circulated on social media, was condemned by science integrity expert Elisabeth Bik as a “sad example of how scientific journals, editors and peer reviewers can be naive – or possibly even in the loop – in terms of accepting and publishing AI-generated crap”.

Frontiers

A stem cell research paper published in the journal Frontiers in Cell Development and Biology sparked debate about how the robustness of peer review and how generative Ai was being used to write scientific papers

The decision to downgrade the Frontiers and MDPI journals to zero is the most drastic action taken by a national body against an academic publisher over quality concerns. In June, the Finnish classification body announced it was downgrading 60 journals to its lowest rating, while Norway removed MDPI’s Sustainability from its register of approved journals last year, with Jufo taking similar action.

In March 2023, Clarivate’s Web of Science delisted two journals published by MDPI – including the International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, which had published about 17,000 articles in 2022 – as it erased dozens of journals from its influential index.

However, the move by Finland’s Publication Forum might be seen as more controversial because it states that a “publisher’s operating model can be considered in evaluations” – a departure from its previous policy that “each journal is evaluated independently”.

It notes, for instance, that “problems with individual journals, such as MDPI Sustainability, may be due to the operating model of the publisher by which the publisher seeks to increase the volume and rate of publication”.

The ratings are potentially significant in terms of research funding as the Jufo classifications will affect the weighting of publications in the funding model of Finnish universities between 2025 and 2028, with papers published in level zero outlets given less weight than higher-rated ones.

The move comes amid growing concern over quality at Frontiers and MDPI, both headquartered in Switzerland, following rapid expansion in recent years. One MDPI publication, the Journal of Clinical Medicine, published 44 papers in 2017 but 4,367 in 2021, according to analysis by the Grenoble-based economist Paolo Crosetto published last year, which also found that some journals were opening so-called “special issues” at a rate of nine a day.

Mark Hanson, a researcher at the University of Exeter who has researched the rise of MDPI and other open access publishers, said it was “quite possible” that other countries might follow Finland’s lead, with concerns raised about publication practices in Poland, Spain and Italy.

“Scientific bodies in China are thinking about publishing destinations and what guidance they should provide to researchers to maintain a global reputation for research quality,” he added.

However, a spokesperson for Frontiers condemned the move by Finland’s classification body, saying the “decision can only be interpreted as an attack on a publishing model, rather than as an assessment of journal quality”.

“After many years of successful collaboration with the ministry, founded on a common vision of the needed transition to open science, we find ourselves frustrated and bewildered by Jufo’s hasty decision to broadly classify Frontiers as a ‘grey publisher’,” she said, adding: “We communicated in good faith with Jufo, and our concerns about the original decision remain unanswered."

Jufo’s current stance, Frontiers added, was “based on a vague categorisation of ‘operating model’ that overrides individual journal assessment – all downgraded Frontiers journals meet Jufo’s level one criteria when evaluated – and thus gives unjustified preference to those publishers”.

Criticising Jufo’s “biased approach”, Frontiers said it had “received no substantial feedback from Jufo about any Frontiers journal that we can specifically address, which is the core criterion of any evaluation process. Instead, the response points to hearsay, anecdote and discredited lists.

“We will maintain our dialogue with Jufo concerning this decision and ask all concerned researchers to do so as well.”

A MDPI spokesperson said it was “deeply concerned” by Jufo's decision, claiming its “simultaneous downgrade of 271 journals suggests a generalised evaluation process rather than a fair assessment of each journal’s merit”.

“Singling out fully open access publishers appears inconsistent and risks undermining global open access initiatives,” it continued, claiming the move also “conflicts with Finland’s national open access policies, which emphasise immediate access to publicly funded research”.
MDPI, which said it worked with323 Finnish editorial board members across 151 or its 455 journals, urged “ranking systems like Jufo to adopt consistent, transparent, and industry-wide evaluation criteria that account for the evolving diversity of modern academic publishing”.

jack.grove@timeshighereducation.com

Thai Film/Movie Industry Statistics

 THIS ARTICLE HAS BEEN REPOSTED FOR ACADEMIC RESEARCH PURPOSES.

Thailand rolls out red carpet with bigger rebates for filmmakers

 Puntid TantivangphaisalPublished: 17:34, 18 December 2024| Updated: 17:34, 18 December 2024

The Thail Cabinet approved an increase in the rebate offered to foreign film productions, raising it to a range of 15 to 30% to attract more international filmmakers to shoot in the country.

This decision, announced by Jirayu Huangsap, spokesperson for the Prime Minister’s Office, is part of a revised strategy to bolster Thailand’s appeal as a filming destination. The primary incentive stands at 15% for an investment of at least 50 million baht in the country while additional benefits can reach up to another 15%, as proposed by the Ministry of Tourism and Sports.

For investments exceeding 100 million baht, the primary rebate increases to 20%, with total incentives not surpassing 10%. This new scheme is set to take effect from January 1, 2025.

The funds for these rebates will come from the regular budget of the Department of Tourism. Should there be a shortfall, the Ministry of Tourism and Sports will seek additional funding from the annual central budget allocation.

The Cabinet meeting also decided to waive the cap on the maximum rebate per production, which was previously capped at 150 million baht. This change is aimed at accommodating the increasing trend of large-budget international film productions choosing Thailand as a filming location. By doing so, Thailand hopes to enhance its competitiveness in the global film industry.

“This review of measures will significantly impact the revival and stimulation of the Thai economy, spreading income to secondary cities, increasing employment for Thai people, and boosting domestic spending. It directly generates income for communities and citizens, promoting Thailand’s soft power abroad.”

Over the past seven years, from 2017 to 2024, 72 films have participated in the foreign film promotion measures in Thailand, generating a revenue of 16,102 million baht.

Between 2017 and 2022, 52 films have been reimbursed, contributing 9,669 million baht in revenue, with a total rebate of 1,534 million baht. For the years 2023 to 2024, 20 films are currently being shot, with financial documentation under review, expected to generate 6,433 million baht in revenue and approximately 1,310 million baht in rebates.

Through these measures, the government anticipates an additional revenue collection of 20%.

Thailand’s strategic location, diverse scenery, and rich cultural heritage make it an attractive setting for filmmakers worldwide. The increase in rebates is seen as an effort to further capitalise on these strengths, encouraging more international production houses to choose Thailand for their projects.

By doing so, the country not only benefits from the direct economic impact of film production activities but also gains international exposure, potentially boosting its tourism sector.

The government hopes that the revised rebate measures will not only attract more films but also increase local employment and foster the growth of the local film industry.

By creating a more competitive environment for filmmakers, Thailand aims to position itself as a leading destination for film production in Asia.

This move is also expected to stimulate related sectors, such as hospitality and transportation, thereby creating a ripple effect that benefits the broader economy, reported KhaoSod.

 

Thailand: Chinese tourist statistics

 

Chinese tourists set to keep Thailand’s travel market cruising

 Published: 16:31, 17 December 2024| Updated: 16:31, 17 December 2024

 2 minutes read

The outlook for the Chinese inbound market to Thailand next year is expected to remain steady, with projected arrivals hovering between seven to eight million, according to the Association of Thai Travel Agents (ATTA). This forecast arises amidst China’s persistent economic difficulties and the anticipated tariff hikes from the incoming Trump administration.

ATTA President Sisdivachr Cheewarattanaporn expressed scepticism about Thailand achieving its target of nine million Chinese tourists by 2025, as set by the Tourism Authority of Thailand (TAT).The growth of this year would still largely depend on global geopolitical tension and the Chinese economic situation.”

As of yesterday, December 16, Thailand had received 32.7 million foreign tourists, with China contributing 6.3 million of these arrivals, making it the largest market. However, with the current daily influx of 15,000 to 20,000 Chinese visitors, the total number for this year is expected to fall short of TAT’s target, capping at around 6.9 to seven million.

Despite the introduction of a permanent mutual visa exemption scheme between Thailand and China earlier this year, other major economic factors have not been conducive to boosting the Chinese inbound market. China’s internal economic challenges, such as domestic tourism promotion, a real estate slump, weak consumption, and high youth unemployment, have led to diminished purchasing power for overseas travel.

Over the past year, the Chinese government has been less supportive of outbound tour companies compared to pre-pandemic times, leading many businesses to scale back their international travel plans. Although there is a noticeable trend of more independent Chinese tourists visiting Thailand, their overall spending power remains subdued due to economic constraints.

Chinese tourismChina has begun implementing fiscal measures and moderately loose monetary policies to bolster its economy in anticipation of Donald Trump’s return and the potential imposition of tariffs on Chinese imports. These strategies include reducing benchmark lending rates.

Sisdivachr noted the potential negative impact of Trump’s tariff hikes on Chinese imports, which could affect both consumers and the broader Chinese economy. However, he also pointed out that if China manages to sustain economic growth, expected to be around 5% GDP this year, Thai tourism could gain momentum, as Thailand remains a top destination for Chinese tourists, reported Bangkok Post.

Looking ahead to 2025, which marks the 50th anniversary of diplomatic relations between Thailand and China, there is an opportunity to strengthen market penetration, particularly in emerging Chinese cities with promising tourist numbers. Nonetheless, current challenges include a lack of support for charter flights from these cities and the difficulty in promoting second-tier Thai cities to Chinese tourists, as initially intended by the Thai government.

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Heritage and Sustainable Development (HSD), ISSN 2712-0554, is an online international open-access single-blind review journal. HSD is an interdisciplinary journal, which publishes original full-length research papers, short communication, technical reports, case studies, reviews, and book reviews. The scope includes all topics of Management, and science & technology that support sustainable development including all three domains of human existence: environmental, economic, and social.

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Thailand’s birth rate drops 81% over 74 years, surpasses Japan

 Ryan TurnerPublished: 16:01, 09 December 2024| Updated: 16:01, 09 December 2024

Thailand is now ranked among the top three countries globally experiencing the most significant decline in birth rates, with an 81% drop over the past 74 years. This dramatic decrease has seen Thailand surpass Japan in this regard, highlighting a widespread global issue of shrinking populations.

Various factors such as economic conditions, environmental pollution, and living conditions are making people less inclined to have children.

The latest report from Global Statistics reveals that Thailand is positioned third in terms of low birth rates among 80 countries worldwide, with a staggering decline of 81%. This data was gathered by Global Statistics from the United Nations Population Division (UNPD), spanning a period from 1950 to 2024.

The statistics underscore the considerable demographic changes taking place in Thailand over the decades. In the list of the top five countries with the steepest drop, South Korea leads with an 88% decrease, followed by China at 83%, Thailand at 81%, Japan at 80%, and Iran at 75%. This ranking has prompted discussions among netizens.Many commenters on X (formerly Twitter) have analysed that countries within the top five have common issues, such as patriarchal societal structures that impose significant pressure on women. Additionally, some of these nations face challenges related to economic stability.

There is also an increasing concern regarding the health issues of the younger generation, who are often exposed to pollution and unhealthy diets, which can adversely affect their physical well-being. The connection between these health challenges and declining birth rates is also a topic of discussion.

Thailand’s situation reflects a broader global trend where various socio-economic and environmental factors are contributing to declining birth rates. This issue is not isolated to Thailand alone but is evident in several countries around the world. The decrease in birth rates poses significant implications for future population growth and economic development.

Frequently Asked Questions

Here are some common questions asked about this news.

Why is Thailand experiencing a sharper decline in birth rates compared to other countries?+

How do patriarchal societal structures contribute to declining birth rates in Thailand?+

What if Thailand’s declining birth rates continue at this pace?+

How might environmental pollution impact Thailand’s future birth rates?+

What solutions could address Thailand’s declining birth rates effectively?+